Evaluation of Eco-Friendly Nanomaterial Modified Water-Based Varnish Systems

Mehmet Karamanoğlu

doi:10.5281/zenodo.8023949

Authors

Mehmet Karamanoğlu Kastamonu University, Tosya Vocational School, Department of Furniture and Decoration, 37300, Tosya/Kastamonu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2519-4425

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8023949

Keywords:

water-based varnish, nanocellulose, nanotechnology, wood materials, environment and human health

Abstract

Nanotechnology is science, engineering and technology carried out at the nano level with matter with at least one dimension between 1-100 nm in size controlled at different levels. Today, nanotechnology has very important applications in the forest products sector. One of these applications is for the modification and improvement of materials such as paints/varnishes, glues, etc. used in the relevant sector. In this context, it is important to modify and develop water-based systems that cause the least harm to human and environmental health. In recent years, many studies have been carried out to modify and improve water-based systems with organic and inorganic nanomaterials. Studies carried out with nanocellulose, which is environmentally and human friendly, which will minimize the harm of water-based varnish systems to human and environmental health, are of particular importance. The aim of this study is to review the academic studies on water-based varnishes modified with nanocellulose, an environmentally friendly nanomaterial, and to present and discuss the important results obtained and to develop various suggestions. As a result of the studies examined; it was observed that nanocellulose and its derivatives improve the optical, surface, physical and mechanical properties of water-based systems in wood materials from layer properties, and make them resistant to the effects of chemicals and aging.

References

Kaymakcı, A. “Characterization of wood plastic nanocomposites produced by using various reinforcing fillers”, PhD Thesis, Istanbul University, Institute of Science and Technology, İstanbul, 2015.

Karamanoğlu, M. “Resistance properties of water-based varnishes modified with nanoparticles against the aging effect of UV on surface of some thermo-wood materials”, PhD Thesis, Kastamonu University, Institute of Science and Technology, Kastamonu, 2020.

Akgün, E. “Comparison of conventional varnishes with nanolacke UV varnish with respect to resistance properties”, MSc The-sis, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Institute of Science and Technology, Bartın, 2008.

Turunç, S. “Usage of nanotechnological building materials in Turkish construction sector”. MSc Thesis, Balıkesir University, Institute of Science and Technology, Balıkesir, 2019.

Tozluoğlu, A., Çöpür, Y., Özyürek, Ö., Çıtlak, S. “Nanocellulose production technology”. Turkish Journal of Forestry, vol. 16, no.2, pp. 203-219, 2015, doi 10.18182/tjf.09718

Yıldırım, N. “Nanotechnology and the futurist green polymer, nanocellulose”. Turkish Journal of Forestry Research, vol. 5, no.2, pp. 185-195, 2018, doi: 10.17568/ogmoad.419758

Cestari, C. B. “Interaction Between Science, Technology and Architecture in Timber Construction”, Proceedings of Culture 2000 Project, Greek, Norwegian and Italian Actions, Elsevier, 2004.

Kasal, B., Tannert, T. In Situ Assessment of Structural Timber. Springer Science ve Business Media, 2011.

Candan, Z. “Nanoparticles use in manufacture of wood-based sandwich panels and laminate flooring and its effects on tech-nological properties”, PhD Thesis, Istanbul University, Institute of Science and Technology, İstanbul, 2012.

Marzi, T. “Nanostructured Materials for Protection and Reinforcement of Timber Structures: A Review And Future Challeng-es”, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 97, pp. 119-130, 2015. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.016

Wegner, T., Jones, P. “Nanotechnology for The Forest Products Industry”, Wood and fiber science, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 549-551, 2005,

Sönmez, A., Budakçı, M. “Ağaç İşlerinde Üst yüzey İşlemleri II, Koruyucu Katman ve Boya/Vernik Sistemleri”, İndeks İletişim, Ankara, 2004.

Aksakal, F. N., Vaizoğlu, S. A., Güler, Ç. “Chemicals in Furnitures and Their Effects on Health”. Sürekli Tıp Eğitim Dergisi (STED), vol. 14, no.12, pp. 268-272, 2005.

Kesik, H.İ. “The layer performance of water based varnishes on wood preprocessed with various chemicals”, PhD Thesis, Gazi University, Institute of Science and Technology, Ankara, 2009.

Pelit, H. “The effects of densification and heat treatment to finishing process with some technological properties of eastern beech and scots pine”, PhD Thesis, Gazi University, Institute of Science and Technology, Ankara, 2014.

Akkuş, M. “Application of powder coating systems to wood composite panels and investigation of its effects on performance properties”, PhD Thesis, Istanbul University, Institute of Science and Technology, İstanbul, 2018.

Genç, U. “Environment-performance evaluation in wood surface treatment applications: The case of urban furniture”, PhD Thesis, Istanbul University, Institute of Science and Technology, İstanbul, 2019.

Toker, H. “Determination of effects of boron compounds on some physcial mechanical and biological properties of wood”, PhD Thesis, Gazi University, Institute of Science and Technology, Ankara, 2007.

Demir, G. “The investigation of nano TiO2 photocatalysis effect in interior and exterior paint”, MSc Thesis, Anadolu University, Institute of Science and Technology, Eskişehir, 2011.

Kimetsan. (2023). “Information About Water Based Paints”, Available: https://www.kimetsan.com/tr/urunler/su-bazli-boyalar-ve-kaplamalar,

Poyraz, B. “Nanocellulose Production and It's Modification with TEMPO, PINO, Periodate”, Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Science and Engineering, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 357-365, 2018, doi: 10.5578/fmbd.66797

Kurtuluş, O.Ç. “Producing and characterization of chitosan, gelatin and alginate added aerogels of nanofibrillated cellulose having different carboxyl and aldehyde content”, PhD Thesis, Karadeniz Technical University, Institute of Science and Tech-nology, Trabzon, 2019.

Dufresne, A. “Nanocellulose: From Nature to High Performance Tailored Materials”, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2012. doi: 10.1515/9783110254600.

Cesur, Ö. “Production of animal-derived nanocrystalline cellulose and determination of physicochemical properties of tunikat Phallusia mammillata (Cuvier, 1815)”, MSc Thesis, Trakya University, Institute of Science and Technology, Edirne, 2022.

Kurtuluş, O.Ç., Ondaral, S., Emin, N., Aşıkuzun, E. “Different amount of carboxyl-aldehyde fractionated nanofibril cellulose and main characteristics of chitosan, gelatin, alginate added composites”, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, vol. 124824, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124824

Tamantini, S., Bergamasco, S., Zikeli, F., Humar, M., Cavalera, M., Romagnoli, M. “Cellulose Nano Crystals (CNC) as Additive for a Bio-Based Waterborne Acrylic Wood Coating: Decay, Artificial Weathering, Physical and Chemical Tests”, Nanomaterials, vol. 13, no. 3, 442, 2023, doi: 10.3390/nano13030442

Hochmańska-Kaniewska, P., Janiszewska, D., Oleszek, T. “Enhancement of the properties of acrylic wood coatings with the use of biopolymers”, Progress in Organic Coatings, vol. 162, no. 106522, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2021.106522

Naide, T. L., Gonzalez de Cademartori, P. H., Nisgoski, S., Bolzon de Muñiz, G. I. “Preliminary evaluation of the incorporation of cellulose nanofibers as reinforcement in waterborne wood coatings”, Maderas. Ciencia y tecnología, vol. 24, 2022. doi: 10.4067/s0718-221x2022000100453

Pacheco, C. M., Cecilia, B. A., Reyes, G., Oviedo, C., Fernández-Pérez, A., Elso, M., Rojas, O. J. “Nanocomposite additive of SiO2/TiO2/nanocellulose on waterborne coating formulations for mechanical and aesthetic properties stability on wood”, Ma-terials Today Communications, vol. 29, no. 102990, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2021.102990

Vardanyan, V., Poaty, B., Chauve, G., Landry, V., Galstian, T., Riedl, B. “Mechanical properties of UV-waterborne varnishe re-inforced by cellulose nanocrystals”, Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, vol. 11, pp. 841-852, 2014, doi: 10.1007/s11998-014-9598-3

Veigel, S., Grüll, G., Pinkl, S., Obersriebnig, M., Müller, U., Gindl-Altmutter, W. “Improving the mechanical resistance of water-borne wood coatings by adding cellulose nanofibers”, Reactive and Functional Polymers, vol. 85, pp. 214-220, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2014.07.020